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Why You Need to Have a Business Plan

When you're starting a business, there is so much to do that sitting down at the computer to formulate a business plan might not be at the top of your to-do list, but it should be.
A business plan is a written guide that will help take you from an idea to an operational business. While it may seem like a daunting task, creating a business plan is an important step to starting your business off on the right foot. By taking the time to create a business plan, you're giving yourself time and space to think about important details that you might not otherwise consider.
Main components of a business plan
Depending on whether you are looking for external financing (for example, getting a bank loan or money from an investor) or whether you are self-funding your business, your business plan will look different. Business plans that are used to secure external funding are usually much longer and more in-depth.
But no matter the use of your business plan, there are some main components that should always be included. These are:
- A summary of your business.
- The value proposition for your business.
- Services or products that your business will provide.
- A summary of your ideal customers.
- Financial information, including revenue and expense projections.
- A marketing plan.
Why you need to have a business plan
Though a business plan takes time to create, it's time well spent. Here's why it's important to have a business plan in place before you open your business.
Clarify your business vision
Before you start your business you won't have everything worked out. But it's important to have key points of your business vision clarified: what product or service your business will provide, how you plan to grow, what milestones you plan to reach. When you write your business plan you're creating a roadmap to help guide your first years of business. While everything likely won't happen according to plan, having this as an initial guide can keep you focused and help you find new ways to pivot when necessary.
One of the main reasons small businesses fail is because they run out of money. Crunching the numbers early could save your business from that fate.
Work through important details with partners
If you're starting a business with another person, a business plan becomes all the more important. This is the document where you can work through the details, including how much you'll spend during the startup phase, and who is responsible for each aspect of the business operations.
Secure funding
If you need to secure funding for your business, a business plan is crucial. Lenders and investors want to know that you have a solid plan in place for reaching profitability and repaying borrowed funds. The financial portion of your business plan should demonstrate when you expect to reach profitability and how you'll be able to repay your debt.
Define your marketing plan
Having ideas for how to get customers is an incredibly important part of starting a business. How are your customers going to hear about your business? Are you going to use local or digital marketing to reach them? These important details can get overlooked when there are so many other parts to starting a business. By taking the time to write a business plan you're forced to think strategically about how you'll approach marketing. That advanced planning can make all the difference to the early success of your business.
Crunch the numbers
How much do you need to sell for your business to break even? At what point will your business become profitable? What's the right price to charge? These important numbers are covered in your business plan. After writing your business plan you'll know your margins, how much business you need to bring in to turn a profit, and how much you can spend on startup expenses like office space and staff. One of the main reasons small businesses fail is because they run out of money1 — crunching the numbers ahead of time could save your business from that fate.
While writing a business plan is time-consuming, it worth the effort to ensure you're setting your new business up for success.
Important disclosure information
This content is general in nature and does not constitute legal, tax, accounting, financial or investment advice. You are encouraged to consult with competent legal, tax, accounting, financial or investment professionals based on your specific circumstances. We do not make any warranties as to accuracy or completeness of this information, do not endorse any third-party companies, products, or services described here, and take no liability for your use of this information.
- Melissa Horton, "The 4 Most Common Reasons a Small Business Fails," Investopedia, published June 8, 2020, accessed January 11, 2021. Back
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