| SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
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Business Operations
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Synovus Financial Corp. (Parent Company) and its consolidated subsidiaries, all but one of which were wholly-owned at December 31, 1999. Synovus has 38 wholly-owned bank subsidiaries predominantly involved in retail and commercial banking activities, and wholly-owned debt collection and bankruptcy management, trust, mortgage, insurance, and broker/dealer companies. Total System Services, Inc. (TSYS), an 80.8% owned subsidiary, provides bankcard data processing and related services to banks and other card-issuing institutions. In addition, the financial statements include joint ventures of TSYS accounted for under the equity method. Synovus has two reportable segments: banking operations and transaction processing services. For the year ended December 31, 1999, revenues (defined as net interest income plus non-interest income) from the banking operations segment represent 55.3% of consolidated revenues, while the transaction processing services segment represents the remaining 44.7% of consolidated revenues. The banking operations' revenues are earned in four southeastern states: Georgia (61%), Alabama (19%), South Carolina (13%), and Florida (7%). For the year ended December 31, 1999, TSYS had two major customers which accounted for approximately 29% of its total revenues. TSYS' revenues are generated from customers throughout the United States, Mexico, Canada, Honduras and the Caribbean.
Basis of Presentation
Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change relate to the determination of the reserve for loan losses; the valuation of real estate acquired in connection with foreclosures or in satisfaction of loans; and the disclosures for contingent assets and liabilities. In connection with the determination of the reserve for loan losses and the valuation of other real estate, management obtains independent appraisals for significant properties and properties collateralizing impaired loans. The accounting and reporting policies of Synovus Financial Corp. and subsidiaries (Synovus) conform to generally accepted accounting principles and to general practices within the banking and transaction processing industries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The following is a description of the more significant of those policies.
Cash Flow Information
Loans receivable of approximately $4 million, $9 million, and $8 million were transferred to other real estate during 1999, 1998, and 1997, respectively.
Mortgage Loans Held for Sale
The cost of mortgage loans held for sale is the mortgage note amount plus certain net origination costs less discounts collected. |
Investment Securities
Synovus classifies its securities into two categories: available for sale or held to maturity. Held to maturity securities are those securities for which Synovus has the ability and intent to hold until maturity. All other securities not included in held to maturity are classified as available for sale. Available for sale securities are recorded at fair value. Fair value is determined at a specific point in time, based on quoted market prices. Held to maturity securities are recorded at cost, adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts. Unrealized gains and losses, net of the related tax effect, on securities available for sale are excluded from earnings and are reported as a separate component of shareholders' equity, within other comprehensive income, until realized. Transfers of securities between categories are recorded at fair value at the date of transfer. The unrealized gains or losses included in other comprehensive income for a security transferred from available for sale to held to maturity are maintained and amortized into earnings over the remaining life of the security as an adjustment to yield in a manner consistent with the amortization or accretion of premium or discount on the associated security. A decline in the market value of any available for sale or held to maturity security below cost that is deemed other than temporary results in a charge to earnings and the establishment of a new cost basis for the security. Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted over the life of the related security as an adjustment to the yield using the effective interest method and prepayment assumptions. Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned. Realized gains and losses for securities classified as available for sale and held to maturity are included in earnings and are derived using the specific identification method for determining the amortized cost of securities sold. Gains and losses on sales of investment securities are recognized on the settlement date, based on the amortized cost of the specific security. The financial statement impact of settlement date accounting versus trade date accounting is immaterial.
Loans and Interest Income
Interest income on consumer loans, made on a discount basis, is recognized in a manner which approximates the level yield method. Interest income on substantially all other loans is recognized on a level yield basis. Loan fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and amortized over the terms of the loans using a method which approximates a level yield. Annual fees, net of costs, collected for credit cards are recognized on a straight-line basis over the period the fee entitles the cardholder to use the card. Loans on which the accrual of interest has been discontinued are designated as nonaccrual loans. Accrual of interest on loans is discontinued when the full collection of interest or principal is not probable or when they become contractually in default for 90 days or more as to either interest or principal, unless they are both well-secured and in the process of collection. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, previously accrued and uncollected interest is charged to interest income on loans, unless management believes that the accrued interest is recoverable through the liquidation of collateral. Interest payments received on nonaccrual loans are applied as a reduction of principal. Loans are returned to accruing status when they are brought fully current with respect to interest and principal and when, in the judgment of management, the loans are estimated to be fully collectible as to both principal and interest. Such interest, when ultimately collected, is recorded as interest income in the period received. Interest on accruing impaired loans is recognized as long as such loans do not meet the criteria for nonaccrual classification. | |